Monday, March 2, 2009

JUNIN DE LOS ANDES PUESTERO 2009

Each February the gauchos/cowboys of the region meet in Junin de los Andes for what amounts to the annual gathering of the clan, the Calgary Stampede and Macy’s Thanksgiving Parade all in one 4-day event, El Puestero. There is nothing fancy or commercialized about the event, with the exception of all the gauchos decked out in their campo finery. It has the feel of the “old” West and is all about the hard-riding, hard-living gauchos of Patagonia and their horses and horsemanship. Usually of mixed ancestry (Spanish, Portuguese and indigenous Indian), the Patagonian gauchos lived, until modern times, a nomadic life on the fringe of society, often with his horse, saddle and the clothes on his back as his sole possessions. Modern-day gauchos live on large estancias/ranches where they work the cattle and sheep herds over vast tracks of land often spending days or weeks away from home.

A couple of points about the traditional gaucho dress: first, for as rugged as the gauchos are, the common footwear is a rather flimsy, moccasin-like shoes called alparagatas, the Argentine equivalent to espadrilles. As explained to us, since the gaucho spends most of his day in the saddle, with his toes in a strap stirrup there is no need for cowboy boots with their pointed toes and high heel. It seems gauchos spend little time “walking around”. Nest is the boina/beret, often with a very broad brim/visor, for protection from the intense sun, floppy and flexible enough that it does not blow off when riding fast or when faced with the infamous Patagonian winds. Then there are their bombachas/pants with an ample in the seat and gathered at the ankle.The British introduced them adapted from the Turks in the early 1900s. Finally from an early age every gaucho carries a facón, a long knife in an often very gaudy scabbard tucked into a belt in the middle of the back. It was originally intended to settle disagreements or provide personal protection, but now it is a benign adornment unless, of course, you cross a gaucho. No matter, all gauchos put a lot of time and effort into looking the part of the ruggedly handsome, hard-riding nomad of Patagonia, even while he is on his cell phone mounted on his trusted steed!

Our favorite events are the children’s rodeo, where young gauchos-in-training ride and otherwise harass sheep and calves as the youngsters hone their riding and roping skills; the adult rodeo, which is serious business with prize money; and the grand desfile or parade. People line the main street of Junin to view the mounted gauchos with their horses in fine tack, senoritas with wide frilly dresses spread across horses’ backs, a multitude of children’s activity groups (karate, roller skating, gymnastics, etc.) and the various military units from ski troops to mounted gun units (an entire howitzer disassembled and carried on the backs of mules). One of the few mounted bands left in the country, dressed in their red and black Edwardian uniforms complete with polished brass helmets with feather plumes, although it stands as it plays for all the passing groups. And of course, we were treated to all of the local fire trucks, rescue vehicles, trash compactor trucks and even the local taxis and pizza delivery vehicles. There is something for everyone and the townspeople turn out in force to cheer for friends and relatives as they strut their stuff. As far as parades go, it doesn’t get much better when it comes to local enthusiasm and color.

To see more pictures click on Puestero.

DEUX CHEVAUX

Patagonia owing in part to its geographical isolation, more than a 1,000 miles from Buenos Aires, and its relative lack of minerals and arable land has been something of a backwater when it comes to modern fashions or current car models. The Citroën CV2 or deux chevaux vapeur, literally "two steam horses” and its big brother CV3 are still very common in the area. Almost 4 million of these French designed, affordable cars were produced between 1949-1990 at assembly plants around the world including Argentina. The CV2 was the perfect car (on and off the road) for Patagonia with its front-wheel drive, long wheelbase, adjustable road clearance and easily serviceable engine that got incredible mileage 78 km/lt or 184 miles/gal. Many CV2s can still be seen around San Martin. They inevitably bring smiles as we pass them in their various forms preservation or disrepair. To see more pictures click on Deux Chevaux.

ALPARGATAS

Alpargatas were mentioned earlier as the footwear of choice by most gauchos. They are very popular with a lot of others as well. For 13 Argentine pesos or less than $3.75 one can have a very comfortable pair of alpargatas. However Crocs were introduced 2 years ago; move over alparagatas. Everyone who has 64 pesos ($21) to spend on shoes now owns one of more pairs of Crocs. They have become the rage as they have elsewhere in the world. It just took a little longer to reach Patagonia.

SHRINES

Roadside cult shrines are a fairly common sight in Argentina. The two most prevalent are the red flags of Gaucho Gil and the plastic bottles of Difunta Correa.

As legend has it, Gaucho Gil (Antonio Mamerto Gil Núñez) was an army deserter who stole from the rich to give to the poor, a la Robin Hood. He was eventually captured, but was later pardoned by the governor of San Juan Province in 1878. However, the official pardon was not delivered until after he was hung upside down and had his throat slit, as was the custom for army deserters. He is alleged to have said to his executioner, "Your son is very ill. If you pray and beg me to save your child, I promise you that he will live. If not, he will die". The executioner returned home to find his son indeed gravely ill. He left his sick son and built a cross, which he planted at the place of Gaucho Gil’s execution. His son was soon healed. Since then believers in Gil’s divine miracles have visited the execution site and have erected smaller shrines around the country. Offerings of food and strong drink are frequently left in honor of the “gauchito”.

Likewise, the legend of Maria Antonia Deolinda Correa is that she died of thirst in the desert of San Juan Province as she endeavred to give aid to her sick, army conscript husband. Found several days later her child was still suckling milk from his mother’s breast. News of this miracle quickly spread and shrine was erected in the town of Vallecito. At first gauchos, farmers and then trucker drivers erected small shrines around the country leaving license plates, spare parts and water bottles as votive offerings. The cult of Difunta Correa has grown to many hundreds of thousands of believers in this miracle and subsequent miracles attributed to her. Crowds estimated at over 100,000 visit her shrine during the Easter holy week.

The Catholic Church does not recognize either as true saints. One might think since both events took place in San Juan Province that either San Juan is a place where divine miracles do happen or the chamber of commerce devised a way to attract many to an otherwise very desolate area.